We use between to refer to two things which are clearly separated.
We use among to talk about things which are not clearly separated because they are part of a group or crowd or mass of objects. We use among to suggest a sense of being a part of or surrounded by or included in something else. It is typically followed by a plural noun phrase.
Hence, in general between is typically used when referring to two things while among is used for a greater number.
Also, it is found that among / between are interchangebly used (also amongst instead of among) which is intended to create an impact which is often viewed as pretentious by many.
Example
The treasure is between the palm tree and the hut.
What is the difference between hate, loathing, and disdain?
I want to live among like-minded people.
Share these sweets among yourselves.